OpenData Approaches
What is OpenData?
OpenData refers to data that can be freely used, redistributed, and reused by anyone. In the context of p2d2, it primarily concerns open government data (Open Government Data).
Legal Foundations
OpenData Law (Germany)
Since 2017, the OpenData Law obliges federal authorities to generally provide their data as OpenData.
Geodata Access Act (GeoZG)
The GeoZG implements the EU INSPIRE directive and regulates access to geodata from public administration.
ODbL (Open Database License)
The license used by OpenStreetMap, which allows free use with attribution and sharing under the same conditions.
OpenData Portals
Municipal Portals
Cities and municipalities operate their own OpenData portals:
- offenedaten-koeln.de: Cologne OpenData Portal
- opendata.bonn.de: Bonn OpenData Portal
- open.nrw: State portal NRW
National Portals
- govdata.de: Central German OpenData Portal
- europeandataportal.eu: European Data Portal
OpenData and p2d2
p2d2 uses OpenData as input data:
- Administrative data is provided via OpenData portals
- p2d2 automatically imports this data
- Citizens improve the data
- Quality-assured data flows into public platforms
Value of OpenData
- Transparency: Traceability of administrative actions
- Participation: Citizens can review and improve data
- Innovation: New applications based on open data
- Efficiency: Avoidance of duplicate work
Standards and Formats
p2d2 relies on open standards:
- GeoJSON: Simple geodata format
- WFS: Web Feature Service (OGC standard)
- WMS: Web Map Service
- INSPIRE: EU-wide geodata infrastructure